---
title: ABPS Autonomy Levels
type: concept
tags: [abps, autonomy, roadmap, agentic-bpm]
sources: ["[[sources/2025-elyasaf-self-modifying-abps]]"]
created: 2026-04-15
updated: 2026-04-15
---

# ABPS Autonomy Levels

Three-level roadmap for Autonomous Business Process Systems (ABPSs), proposed by Elyasaf et al. 2025 ([[sources/2025-elyasaf-self-modifying-abps]]) inspired by SAE J3016 driving-automation taxonomy and distinct from Sheridan's Levels of Automation (which focus on isolated tasks, not holistic process behavior).

| Level | Name | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 0 | No Automation | Fully manual execution and orchestration |
| 1 | Process Assistance | System recommends/flags (e.g., [[concepts/predictive-process-monitoring]]) |
| 2 | Partial Autonomy | System executes isolated tasks within predefined boundaries |
| 3 | Contextual Autonomy | System autonomously orchestrates most tasks and flows, human intervention only in edge cases — aligns with [[concepts/agentic-bpm]] |

## Cross-axis: object of modification
Each level is further decomposed by whether autonomy targets the **task**, **flow**, or **process** object (Table 1 in source).

## Required Level-3 capabilities
1. Concept-drift detection.
2. Decide: adaptation vs evolution.
3. Select modification strategy.
4. Learn from prior adaptations and generalize.
5. Communicate decisions, rationale, uncertainty.

## Related
[[concepts/self-modification]] · [[concepts/agentic-bpm]] · [[concepts/mape-k-loop]]