---
title: "Predictive Business Process Monitoring with Structured and Unstructured Data"
type: source
tags: [ppm, outcome-prediction, text-mining, multi-perspective]
authors: [Teinemaa Irene; Dumas Marlon; Maggi Fabrizio Maria; Di Francescomarino Chiara]
year: 2016
venue: "BPM 2016, LNCS 9850, Springer: 401–417"
kind: paper
raw_path: "raw/Predictive process monitoring/Predictive Business Process Monitoring teinemaa2016.pdf"
created: 2026-04-13
updated: 2026-04-13
key_claims:
  - Real process data contains unstructured text (emails, comments) alongside structured attributes; prior PPM ignored text.
  - A framework combining text mining with sequence classification jointly exploits both data kinds.
  - Evaluated on a debt-recovery and a lead-to-contract process — text features improve outcome-prediction accuracy and earliness.
---

# Teinemaa et al. 2016 — PPM with Structured and Unstructured Data

Integrates **text mining** with [[concepts/outcome-prediction|outcome-prediction]] PPM. Real logs frequently contain free-text fields (emails, customer comments, case notes) that prior PPM methods simply discarded.

## Contribution
- PPM framework that extracts features from textual payloads via NLP and combines them with sequence-classification features from structured data.
- Evaluated on two real-life logs: debt-recovery and lead-to-contract.
- Improvements in both accuracy and **earliness** of correct outcome prediction.

## Significance
Extends the data-aware PPM line into the **unstructured-data dimension**. Foreshadows later LLM-for-BPM work referenced in [[sources/2024-kampik-large-process-models]].

## Cited by
- [[sources/2023-riess-temporal-loss-remaining-cycle-time]] — Riess cites Teinemaa et al. for the related notion of *temporal stability* in binary-classification PPM models (distinct from his *temporal consistency* for regression models).
- [[sources/2024-riess-synbps-simulation-framework]] — cited for PPM benchmark methodology.

## Connections
**Concepts:** [[concepts/outcome-prediction]] · [[concepts/trace-encoding]]
**Authors:** [[entities/irene-teinemaa]] · [[entities/marlon-dumas]] · [[entities/fabrizio-maggi]] · [[entities/chiara-di-francescomarino]]