---
title: "Fundamentals of Business Process Management (2nd ed.)"
type: source
tags: [bpm, textbook, canonical, bpmn, process-mining]
authors: [Dumas Marlon; La Rosa Marcello; Mendling Jan; Reijers Hajo A.]
year: 2018
venue: "Springer, Berlin Heidelberg"
kind: book
raw_path: "raw/Process Frameworks & BPM/Fundamentals_of_BPM 2018.pdf"
isbn: "978-3-662-56509-4"
foreword_by: "Michael Rosemann"
created: 2026-04-13
updated: 2026-04-13
key_claims:
  - BPM is a lifecycle discipline with six phases - identification, discovery, analysis, redesign, implementation, monitoring.
  - BPMN is the canonical notation for operational process specification; CMMN covers case management, DMN covers decision logic.
  - Process discovery is the art of eliciting a model from reality; three methods exist (evidence-based, interview-based, workshop-based) with three intrinsic challenges (fragmented knowledge, thinking-in-cases limitation, expert-analyst gap).
  - Process-model quality decomposes into syntactic, semantic, and pragmatic quality.
  - Redesign trades off four dimensions simultaneously — the Devil's Quadrangle - time, cost, quality, flexibility.
  - Process-Aware Information Systems (PAIS) sit between domain-specific systems (ERP/CRM) and BPMS; a BPMS enforces rules, integrates, and orchestrates.
  - Process mining operationalises monitoring over event logs (automated discovery via α-algorithm et al., conformance checking, performance mining, variants analysis).
  - BPM maturity rests on six success factors - strategic alignment, governance, methods, IT, people, culture (Rosemann & vom Brocke framework).
---

# Fundamentals of Business Process Management (2nd edition)

The canonical BPM textbook. 519 pages across 12 chapters + an appendix of redesign heuristics. Second edition (2018) significantly extends the 2013 first edition with process architecture, CMMN/DMN, new discovery/redesign methods, a full process mining chapter, and a new chapter on BPM as an enterprise capability.

## Why it matters here

This book supplies the **operational-frame baseline** against which [[concepts/framed-autonomy|APM's normative frames]] are contrasted in [[sources/2026-calvanese-agentic-bpm-manifesto]]. The manifesto explicitly cites this book as the definition of a business process ("sets of activities performed to jointly realize a business goal") and positions APM as a successor tradition.

It also defines the **BPM lifecycle** ([[concepts/bpm-lifecycle]]) that anchors virtually every downstream source in this wiki.

## Ingest strategy
Meta-ingest per the textbook two-step pattern (see `CLAUDE.md`): this page summarises the whole book and its novel abstractions; chapter-level deep-dives are filed on demand as separate source pages.

## Authors
[[entities/marlon-dumas]] · [[entities/marcello-la-rosa]] · [[entities/jan-mendling]] · [[entities/hajo-reijers]] — with foreword by [[entities/michael-rosemann]].

## Chapter index (coarse resolution)

| Ch | Title | Pages | Key abstractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Introduction to BPM | 1–33 | Ingredients of a process; Adam Smith division of labour; BPR history; [[concepts/bpm-lifecycle]] |
| 2 | Process Identification | 35–73 | [[concepts/process-architecture]]; process categories, landscape model, portfolio |
| 3 | Essential Process Modeling | 75–115 | [[frameworks/bpmn]] basics — gateways (XOR/AND/OR), business objects, resources, decomposition, reuse |
| 4 | Advanced Process Modeling | 117–157 | Events, exceptions, non-interrupting events, compensation; rules ([[frameworks/dmn]]) |
| 5 | Process Discovery | 159–211 | [[concepts/process-discovery]]; [[methods/process-discovery-methods]]; [[concepts/process-model-quality]] |
| 6 | Qualitative Process Analysis | 213–253 | Value-added / waste analysis (Move/Hold/Overdo); stakeholder & issue register; Pareto/PICK; root-cause (cause-effect, why-why) |
| 7 | Quantitative Process Analysis | 255–295 | [[methods/flow-analysis]] — cycle time, Little's Law, CPM, capacity, bottlenecks; queueing (M/M/1, M/M/c); [[methods/process-simulation]] |
| 8 | Process Redesign | 297–338 | [[concepts/devils-quadrangle]]; 7FE; Heuristic Process Redesign; BPR; product-based design; [[methods/process-redesign-heuristics]] |
| 9 | Process-Aware Information Systems | 341–368 | [[concepts/process-aware-information-system]]; BPMS architecture; ACNS case |
| 10 | Process Implementation with Executable Models | 371–411 | [[frameworks/cmmn]]; executable [[frameworks/bpmn]]; DMN rules; service/user tasks |
| 11 | Process Monitoring | 413–472 | [[methods/process-mining-basics]]; α-algorithm; conformance checking; performance mining; variants analysis |
| 12 | BPM as Enterprise Capability | 475–499 | [[concepts/bpm-maturity]]; six success factors; barriers to success |
| App A | Redesign Heuristics | 501–506 | ~40 heuristics across 7 dimensions (Customer, Operation, Behaviour, Organization, Information, Technology, External) |

## Novel abstractions & why they matter

- **BPM lifecycle** — the six-phase model organising the whole book; every subsequent BPM paper locates itself relative to these phases.
- **Process architecture** — portfolio-level view; relevant when thinking about how APM agents scale across an organisation.
- **BPMN + CMMN + DMN triad** — the "operational-frame" languages per the APM Manifesto's terminology.
- **Process model quality (syntactic / semantic / pragmatic)** — a tripartite quality model echoed in downstream model-quality work.
- **Devil's Quadrangle** — the irreducible trade-off informing all redesign work.
- **PAIS / BPMS architecture** — the pre-agentic execution infrastructure APM would reshape.
- **Process mining (α-algorithm, conformance, performance, variants)** — grounds monitoring as a data-driven activity; feeds into the PPM literature in `raw/Predictive process monitoring/`.
- **Six success factors of BPM maturity** (Rosemann) — the management-side scaffolding.

## Connections

**Concepts:** [[concepts/business-process]] · [[concepts/bpm-lifecycle]] · [[concepts/process-architecture]] · [[concepts/process-discovery]] · [[concepts/process-model-quality]] · [[concepts/devils-quadrangle]] · [[concepts/process-aware-information-system]] · [[concepts/bpm-maturity]]

**Frameworks:** [[frameworks/bpmn]] · [[frameworks/cmmn]] · [[frameworks/dmn]]

**Methods:** [[methods/process-discovery-methods]] · [[methods/flow-analysis]] · [[methods/process-simulation]] · [[methods/process-redesign-heuristics]] · [[methods/process-mining-basics]]

**Related sources:** [[sources/2026-calvanese-agentic-bpm-manifesto]] (cites this book as BPM definition); [[sources/2012-vanderaalst-process-mining-manifesto]] (the mining tradition this book operationalises into a textbook).

## Open questions / future deep-dive candidates
- Chapter 9 (PAIS/BPMS) — warrants a dedicated ingest to ground the operational-frame contrast with APM.
- Chapter 11 (Process Monitoring) — warrants a dedicated ingest as scaffolding for the PPM literature batch.
- Appendix A redesign heuristics — could become a standalone reference page.